Concrete fiber is a discrete reinforcing fiber that imparts structural integrity and excellent durability. Key function of concrete fiber is to prevent cracking caused by drying shrinkage and plastic shrinkage. Short and long fibers remain uniformly distributed to seal micro and macro cracks in concretes. Micro cracks are bridged by large number of aggregated short fibers, while long fibers bridge macro cracks in concrete. They control the damage caused by physical, chemical, and environmental factors such as heat and moisture. High stability and durability is incorporated by concrete fiber through reduction of permeability. The fiber adds tensile strength and toughness in concrete. Concrete fiber also helps enhance the structural design of construction by improving shatter and abrasion resistance.
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Fibers with varying properties are used according to the character of concrete in several applications. Various types of concrete fiber include micro-synthetic fibers, macro-synthetic fibers, glass fibers, steel fibers, natural fibers, cellulose fibers, and concrete fiber blends. Micro-synthetic concrete fiber contains monofilament and fibrillated fibers that are manufactured from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, and nylon. Macro-synthetic concrete fiber manufactured from polypropylene helps reduce the width of cracks. Glass fiber has potential applications in architectural panels. Steel concrete fiber improves flexural reinforcement and provides shrinkage crack control. Natural concrete fiber contains materials derived from natural sources such as jute, coconut, sugarcane, and sisal. These fibers with varying lengths and properties are used in reinforcement of cement-based materials. Cellulose fiber prevents concrete from plastic shrinkage cracking. Blends of concrete fiber function as a combination of micro-synthetic, macro-synthetic, and steel...