CYPC 3.1 – Understand Child & Young Person Development
1.1 An explanation of the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth to 19 years.
The aspects of development can be categorised as physical, social & emotional and intellectual/communication.
PHYSICAL: 0-3 YEARS
New-born babies will have little or no control over their bodies or motor skills, as the highly-profitable industry in disposable nappies demonstrates! Initially, babies’ movements are mostly reflex-based. Increased control over physical movement will see babies develop some form of mobility by the end of their first year, albeit rolling, dragging or crawling. Children aged 12-24 months will usually be able to walk with some degree of confidence, and increased hand-eye co-ordination will mean that the child can point at and grasp objects, and gain some degree of physical independence, such as dressing and feeding. Between the ages of 24-36 months, the child will be able to run, negotiate stairs and kick a ball (although they will not usually be able to throw and catch accurately).
PHYSICAL: 3-7 YEARS
Between these ages, the child’s confidence and physical co-ordination will increase, with some degree of linkage between the two. By the age of 7, they should be able to stand/walk on tiptoe or on one foot, hop, skip, climb trees and apparatus before jumping to the ground, ride a tricycle and later a bicycle (often with stabilisers), bounce, throw and catch a ball, even playing ball games. In terms of fine motor skills, the child should be able to create a detailed drawing of person, use a pencil with an adult grip to write out letters of the alphabet, and thread a safety needle before sewing large stitches.
PHYSICAL: 7-12 YEARS
By the age of 12, the child should have developed the ability to confidently ride a bicycle without stabilisers, play and enjoy competitive team sports, write with joined-up letters and draw a person in more detail, adding...