Health and Social Care - Immunisation Report
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Immunisation report
Section 1
Immunity is where your body can fight off diseases or infections, which arise from micro-organisms such as virus bacteria and fungi, without you knowing. Your body will fight of the diseases and you may experience some symptoms, depending on what the illness it is and whether you are immune to it. Being immune to a disease means you are able to fight of antigens without experiencing any symptoms. Natural Immunity is in babies when they are first born, it is the body’s natural defences to invading disease causing organisms. Natural immunity last for about 2-3 months to protect babies against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio and the hib form of meningitis, It also last about one year to protect babies against mumps and measles.
Pathogens are disease causing microorganism such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. People come in contact with pathogens every day and most of the time our immune systems fight them off before they do any harm. On the surface of the pathogens are a protein called Antigens, these are the harmful part of the organism and they cause the disease. Lymphocytes are cells which attack the invading antigens; there are two types of these lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells. T-cells attack the antigens directly whereas B-cells produce clones of antibodies that are selected when an invading antigen is detected. Phagocytes release enzymes that kill the pathogens. When the antigens are detected antibodies from plasma cells are released and the pathogens are engulfed by phagocytes which are white blood cells; memory cells are left behind after the infection so that the body is ready to fight the disease again if it comes back.
Stages of Phagocytosis
Next the phagocyte seals up, concealing the pathogen inside, an enzyme is released from the phagocyte which kills the pathogen.
Next the phagocyte seals up, concealing the pathogen inside, an enzyme is released from the phagocyte which kills the pathogen.
The...
Section 1
Immunity is where your body can fight off diseases or infections, which arise from micro-organisms such as virus bacteria and fungi, without you knowing. Your body will fight of the diseases and you may experience some symptoms, depending on what the illness it is and whether you are immune to it. Being immune to a disease means you are able to fight of antigens without experiencing any symptoms. Natural Immunity is in babies when they are first born, it is the body’s natural defences to invading disease causing organisms. Natural immunity last for about 2-3 months to protect babies against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio and the hib form of meningitis, It also last about one year to protect babies against mumps and measles.
Pathogens are disease causing microorganism such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. People come in contact with pathogens every day and most of the time our immune systems fight them off before they do any harm. On the surface of the pathogens are a protein called Antigens, these are the harmful part of the organism and they cause the disease. Lymphocytes are cells which attack the invading antigens; there are two types of these lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells. T-cells attack the antigens directly whereas B-cells produce clones of antibodies that are selected when an invading antigen is detected. Phagocytes release enzymes that kill the pathogens. When the antigens are detected antibodies from plasma cells are released and the pathogens are engulfed by phagocytes which are white blood cells; memory cells are left behind after the infection so that the body is ready to fight the disease again if it comes back.
Stages of Phagocytosis
Next the phagocyte seals up, concealing the pathogen inside, an enzyme is released from the phagocyte which kills the pathogen.
Next the phagocyte seals up, concealing the pathogen inside, an enzyme is released from the phagocyte which kills the pathogen.
The...