Health and Social Care

‘The Marmot Review claimed that the best way to improve the health of the whole population was through “proportionate universalism”.’(Fair Society, Healthy Lives, The Marmot Review, 2010, p. 15)

Explain and critically evaluate the concept of ‘proportionate universalism’ as an approach to improving health. (70% of the marks.)
Explain what ethical issues might arise for public health practitioners in adopting ‘proportionate universalism’ as an approach. (30% of the marks).


This essay focuses on how “the Marmot Review claimed that the best way to improve the health of the whole population was through " proportionate universalism"". Throughout this essay the term "proportionate universalism" will refer to " Fair Society, Healthy Lives, The Marmot Review".
The first part of the essay seeks to evaluate the concept of “proportionate universalism" as an approach to improving health. The second part considers ethical issues which might arise for public health practitioners. I will also look at the concept of promoting health and wellbeing using my own example, by analysing different concepts, models and approaches to public health. The structure will debate ethical dilemmas that may arise from the promotion of public health and evaluate different types of health information.
The past decade has seen rapid growth in promoting health and the prevention of diseases in the whole population. In order to access and monitor the health of the population we need to identify diseases and respond to any public risk for the wellbeing of the general population.
The term "proportionate universalism" refers here to the Marmot Review report - " Fair Society, Healthy Lives", 11 February 2010 and " it is the characteristic of service provision and intervention which is universal with a scale and intensity that is proportional to needs. The argument to address all social groups is supported by the fact that in a more equal society everyone tends to be healthier and lead happier...