Hospital microbiology testing refers to the area of clinical pathology related to the analysis of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Various techniques such as culture techniques and immunoassays are implemented for rapid detection and identification of harmful microbial pathogens. Hospital microbiology tests accelerate microorganism determination, thereby helping in the rapid diagnosis of infection with accuracy. There have been remarkable advances in the field of microbiology testing, resulting into potential diagnostic platform and technologies such as molecular diagnostics, microbial culture, biochemical tests, etc.
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Based on type of procedure used, the hospital microbiology testing market can be segmented as follows:
Microbial culture: In microbial culture, sample is collected from an infected individual and is tested for the presence of any infectious microbe that possesses the ability to grow in a specific media. The most commonly used media for clinical identification of pathogenic microbes is nutrient agar.
Microscopy: Microscopy, along with biochemical staining techniques is a significant tool for microbiology testing. Stains such as Giemsa and crystal violet helps to differentiate between gram positive and gram negative.
Biochemical tests: Biochemical tests are used to test for metabolic and enzymatic products that a microbial agent may use. They are also used to test for fermented products (acids or gases) which may be a result of metabolic pathways.
Molecular diagnostics: Many molecular-based techniques such as polymerized chain reactions are used for the testing of nucleic acids, specific to the infectious agents.
Based on application, the hospital microbiology testing market can be segmented as follows: