Judgement and Decision Making
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- Date Submitted: 10/10/2014 02:37 AM
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1.3 Jackall R. (1988), Looking up and looking around
A major factor of managerial framework is a superior ability to make decisions. In this article Jackall tries to bring out the fact that, when it comes to decision making, especially the ones involving huge money, public exposure or major effect on the organization, people rely on others. This action is termed as ‘Looking up and Looking around’ (LULA). It is not because of inability or lack of experience but only because of fear of failure that an individual decision actually becomes the outcome of a group decision. The two basic principles followed in organizations are
-To avoid any decision making situation
-and if decision making becomes necessary, try involving maximum members possible.
The two main aspects leading to LULA are- the tendency of managers to have constant fear of not matching up to the expectation and the various factors of structure of bureaucratic work.
When decision-making is inevitable, the real issue that comes up is- whom to put blame on if and when things go wrong. From various case studies it is found that blames can be of various types depending on the situation. For start, there are fall guys- who take the blame on themselves. This can be voluntary or involuntary. Sometimes a person who happens to be at the wrong place at the wrong time gets the blame. According to Jackall the fundamental rule in these situations is to try to protect oneself and if possible, one’s group from getting the blame.
Managers do set some safeguards to prevent them from suffering the consequences of their error.
One way is to move away from your mistakes so that, by the time the error becomes noticeable, the blame falls on someone else. Jackall also tries to show that once you are in the run there is no time to pause or else, your own mistakes might outrun you.
Example
During my undergraduate course period, I was a member of the college student council. The most important job for us was to organize...
A major factor of managerial framework is a superior ability to make decisions. In this article Jackall tries to bring out the fact that, when it comes to decision making, especially the ones involving huge money, public exposure or major effect on the organization, people rely on others. This action is termed as ‘Looking up and Looking around’ (LULA). It is not because of inability or lack of experience but only because of fear of failure that an individual decision actually becomes the outcome of a group decision. The two basic principles followed in organizations are
-To avoid any decision making situation
-and if decision making becomes necessary, try involving maximum members possible.
The two main aspects leading to LULA are- the tendency of managers to have constant fear of not matching up to the expectation and the various factors of structure of bureaucratic work.
When decision-making is inevitable, the real issue that comes up is- whom to put blame on if and when things go wrong. From various case studies it is found that blames can be of various types depending on the situation. For start, there are fall guys- who take the blame on themselves. This can be voluntary or involuntary. Sometimes a person who happens to be at the wrong place at the wrong time gets the blame. According to Jackall the fundamental rule in these situations is to try to protect oneself and if possible, one’s group from getting the blame.
Managers do set some safeguards to prevent them from suffering the consequences of their error.
One way is to move away from your mistakes so that, by the time the error becomes noticeable, the blame falls on someone else. Jackall also tries to show that once you are in the run there is no time to pause or else, your own mistakes might outrun you.
Example
During my undergraduate course period, I was a member of the college student council. The most important job for us was to organize...