Mnemonics

Mnemonics
Biology
Anterior Pituitary Hormones
"FLAGTOP"
F: Follicle Stimulating Hormone
L: Luteinizing Hormone
A: ACTH
G: Growth Hormone
T: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
O: MSH - melanOcyte stimulating hormone
P: Prolactin
FSH in males
directly stimulates spermatogenesis - sperm look like "FiSH." In females,
FSH obviously stimulates ovarian follicles (which secrete estrogens, which
stimulate endometrial proliferation).
LH in males
stimulates androgen secretion so males become "Like Hairy Apes" (LH ?
A). Androgens also stimulate spermatogenesis, so LH also indirectly
stimulates spermatogenesis. In females, LH stimulates the corpus luteum
(which secretes estrogens and progesterone, which stimulate the
endometrium).
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic: fight or flight
Parasympathetic: rest and digest
Causes of Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
"Maggie May Does Not Smoke"
Mutations, Migration, genetic Drift, Non-random mating, Selection.
Cell Cycle
"Go Sally Go! Make Children!"
G1, S, G2, M, C
Growth phase 1, DNA Synthesis (replication), Growth phase 2, Mitosis,
Cytokinesis.

Mitosis
"People Meet And Talk", or
"PMAT"
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
Meiosis
"PMAT x2"
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I,
Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II,
(Note: 4 haploid daughter cells instead of 2 diploid daughter cells)
Chordate Features
"Do Not Pinch People"
Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
Notochord
Pharyngeal slits
Postanal tail
Developmental Stages
"Must Be Good"
Morula, Blastula, Gastrula
Fat-soluble Vitamins
"ADEK"
Vitamins A,D,E, and K
Gastrointestinal Hormones
(i.e. ones that originate from the GI tract)
"Garlic Cloves Smell Exquisite"
Hormone Source Target Triggers Effects
Gastrin Gastric mucosa Stomach Food in stomach, psychic factors
Increased HCl secretion & gastric emptying
Cholecystokinin (CCK) Duodenal mucosa Gallbladder & pancreas Amino
acids, peptides, fatty acids...