Motor Basics
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- Date Submitted: 10/31/2011 02:47 AM
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Motor Basics
AGSM 325
Motors vs Engines
• Motors convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. • Engines convert chemical energy to mechanical energy.
www.PAControl.com
1
Motors
• Advantages
– – – – – – – – Low Initial Cost - $/Hp Simple & Efficient Operation Compact Size – cubic inches/Hp Long Life – 30,000 to 50,000 hours Low Noise No Exhaust Emissions Withstand high temporary overloads Automatic/Remote Start & Control
• Disadvantages
– Portability – Speed Control – No Demand Charge
Magnetic Induction
• Simple Electromagnet
• Like Poles Repel • Opposite Poles Attract
www.PAControl.com
2
Operating Principle
Motor Parts
• • • • • • Enclosure Stator Rotor Bearings Conduit Box Eye Bolt
www.PAControl.com
3
Enclosure
• Holds parts together • Helps with heat dissipation • In some cases, protects internal components from the environment.
Stator (Windings)
• “Stationary” part of the motor sometimes referred to as “the windings”. • Slotted cores made of thin sections of soft iron are wound with insulated copper wire to form one or more pairs of magnetic poles.
www.PAControl.com
4
Rotor
• “Rotating” part of the motor. • Magnetic field from the stator induces an opposing magnetic field onto the rotor causing the rotor to “push” away from the stator field.
Wound Rotor Motors
• Older motor designed to operate at “variable speed” • Advantages
– Speed Control, High Starting Torque, Low Starting Current
• Disadvantages
– Expensive, High Maintenance, Low Efficiency
www.PAControl.com
5
Bearings
• Sleeve Bearings
– – – – Standard on most motors Quiet Horizontal shafts only Oil lubricated
• Ball (Roller) Bearings
– Support shaft in any position – Grease lubricated – Many come sealed requiring no maintenance
Other Parts
• Conduit Box
– Point of connection of electrical power to the motor’s stator windings.
• Eye Bolt
– Used to lift heavy motors with a hoist or crane to prevent motor...
AGSM 325
Motors vs Engines
• Motors convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. • Engines convert chemical energy to mechanical energy.
www.PAControl.com
1
Motors
• Advantages
– – – – – – – – Low Initial Cost - $/Hp Simple & Efficient Operation Compact Size – cubic inches/Hp Long Life – 30,000 to 50,000 hours Low Noise No Exhaust Emissions Withstand high temporary overloads Automatic/Remote Start & Control
• Disadvantages
– Portability – Speed Control – No Demand Charge
Magnetic Induction
• Simple Electromagnet
• Like Poles Repel • Opposite Poles Attract
www.PAControl.com
2
Operating Principle
Motor Parts
• • • • • • Enclosure Stator Rotor Bearings Conduit Box Eye Bolt
www.PAControl.com
3
Enclosure
• Holds parts together • Helps with heat dissipation • In some cases, protects internal components from the environment.
Stator (Windings)
• “Stationary” part of the motor sometimes referred to as “the windings”. • Slotted cores made of thin sections of soft iron are wound with insulated copper wire to form one or more pairs of magnetic poles.
www.PAControl.com
4
Rotor
• “Rotating” part of the motor. • Magnetic field from the stator induces an opposing magnetic field onto the rotor causing the rotor to “push” away from the stator field.
Wound Rotor Motors
• Older motor designed to operate at “variable speed” • Advantages
– Speed Control, High Starting Torque, Low Starting Current
• Disadvantages
– Expensive, High Maintenance, Low Efficiency
www.PAControl.com
5
Bearings
• Sleeve Bearings
– – – – Standard on most motors Quiet Horizontal shafts only Oil lubricated
• Ball (Roller) Bearings
– Support shaft in any position – Grease lubricated – Many come sealed requiring no maintenance
Other Parts
• Conduit Box
– Point of connection of electrical power to the motor’s stator windings.
• Eye Bolt
– Used to lift heavy motors with a hoist or crane to prevent motor...