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Education- functionalism.

There are three functions that functionalism says education has that can help society.
  1. plays a part in secondary socialization passing on core values.
  2. sifts and sorts people for appropriate jobs. Known as allocation functions.
  3. Teaches skills needed in work and by the economy.
Sociologists.
  1. Durkheim.
  2. Parsons
  3. Davis and Moore 1945
Durkheim.
Said that education passes on norms and values in order to integrate individuals into society. Education helps to create social order based on cohesion and consensus.

Cohesion-   the action or fact of forming a united whole.
Consensus- a shared agreement.

Example-
Education takes in individuals and tries to teach them the norms and values so that they no longer get interrogated and are let into the society.

Norm- Behaviour that is considered to be normal in particular societies. E.g. Queing,
wearing clothes, making some eye contact when talking to someone.
Values- beliefs or standards shared in a society.

Parsons.
Describes school as a bridge between the family and adult roles of society. School passes on a universal value of achievements. Parsons say that education selects children into appropriate roles because it's meritocratic.( meaning that the best students rise to the top). He agrees with Durkheim that education helps to make people agree about norms and values.

Meritocracy-
  1. a system where the best (most talented and hard-working) people rise to the top.
  2. is when social rewards are allocated by talent and effort rather than because of a position someone was born into.

Example-
If someone is talented, has the motivation and is given equal opportunities then they gain the qualifications and a high position in society.

Equal opportunities- the policy of treating everyone without discrimination, on their sex, race or age.

Davis and Moore 1945.
says that every society sorts its members into different positions....