Phl 320 Week 1 Knowledge Check
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PHL 320 Week 1 Knowledge Check
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1.The bandwagon effect is a common bias, which refers to
A. the tendency to one’s thinking with the underdog
B. the tendency to one’s thinking with a negative advertisement
C. the tendency to one’s thinking with cognitive dissonance
D. an unconscious tendency to one’s thinking with that of other people
2. Some cognitive biases involve heuristics, which are
A. general rules we unconsciously follow in estimating probabilities.
B. the probability of an event happening based on personal experience
C. the probability of an event happening based on family experience
D. the probabilities of an event happening based on science
3. The in-group bias is characterized by
A. a rational evaluation of those in other groups
B. conclusions supported by data
C. accepting individuals from other teams and groups
D. believing that the achievements of the members of my group are a result of hard work
4. The premise of a good deductive argument, if true
A. does not prove or demonstrate its conclusion
B. proves or demonstrates its conclusion
C. supports the conclusion
D. does not support the conclusion
5. If we know that an argument is weak, then we know that the conclusion
A. is false
B. is true
C. may or may not be true
6. “The ensemble played an encore at last year’s concert, and I’m pretty sure they played one the year before as well. So they will most likely play an encore at this year’s concert.” This argument is best taken as
A. inductive
B. deductive
C. simplistic
D. argumentative
7. Critical thinking involves
A. blindly acting or reacting
B. making wise decisions and coming to correct conclusions
C. basing decisions on emotion or greed
D. basing decisions on intuition or a gut feeling
8. In decision making, critical thinking will help increase the validity of your decisions by
A. incorporating...
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1.The bandwagon effect is a common bias, which refers to
A. the tendency to one’s thinking with the underdog
B. the tendency to one’s thinking with a negative advertisement
C. the tendency to one’s thinking with cognitive dissonance
D. an unconscious tendency to one’s thinking with that of other people
2. Some cognitive biases involve heuristics, which are
A. general rules we unconsciously follow in estimating probabilities.
B. the probability of an event happening based on personal experience
C. the probability of an event happening based on family experience
D. the probabilities of an event happening based on science
3. The in-group bias is characterized by
A. a rational evaluation of those in other groups
B. conclusions supported by data
C. accepting individuals from other teams and groups
D. believing that the achievements of the members of my group are a result of hard work
4. The premise of a good deductive argument, if true
A. does not prove or demonstrate its conclusion
B. proves or demonstrates its conclusion
C. supports the conclusion
D. does not support the conclusion
5. If we know that an argument is weak, then we know that the conclusion
A. is false
B. is true
C. may or may not be true
6. “The ensemble played an encore at last year’s concert, and I’m pretty sure they played one the year before as well. So they will most likely play an encore at this year’s concert.” This argument is best taken as
A. inductive
B. deductive
C. simplistic
D. argumentative
7. Critical thinking involves
A. blindly acting or reacting
B. making wise decisions and coming to correct conclusions
C. basing decisions on emotion or greed
D. basing decisions on intuition or a gut feeling
8. In decision making, critical thinking will help increase the validity of your decisions by
A. incorporating...