Psychology
- Submitted by: Ciarda
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- Date Submitted: 03/13/2014 02:26 AM
- Pages: 5
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1. Identify and explain 3 examples mentioned in the article that highlight how conditioning is used to alter animal behaviour
Zoo keepers altered animals behaviour in order to be able to closely examine the animals eliminating having to use a dart on the animals. In order to train these animals shaping of their behaviour was required. Shaping refers to gradually training an animal to perform a specific response.
The first example that highlights the conditioning to alter animal behaviour is with the male chimp to bring his left shoulder forward for the needle. Conditioning the monkey to bring his left shoulder forward this would be achieved through the following steps the chimp was rewarded with a reward i.e. grapes for every time he achieved the required behaviour upon the completion of the entire routine he would be rewarded with a banana, in association with this a noise was also used when the behaviour was achieved and the reward given. This is known as the bridge which can either be a sound such as a whistle or a verbal command.
The second and third example is training the Coati to demonstrate climbing and nest raiding behaviours and Meerkats to retreat from danger into their box. This conditioning was achieved through using positive reinforcement through the usage of food in association with a blow of the whistle used when the behaviour was achieved and the reward given.
2. Use one example of trained behaviour in the article to identify the following:
* Unconditioned Stimulus- the nest
* Unconditioned response- climbing and nest raiding behaviours
* Neutral stimulus- Target
* Conditioned Stimulus- Target
* Conditioned Response- climbing and nest raiding behaviours
3. Explain the concept of target training. Provide an example to explain how it is used on animals. Discuss how an animal learns to respond to a target by referring to learning theory.
Target training is a technique using a clicker or whistle or verbal command that...
Zoo keepers altered animals behaviour in order to be able to closely examine the animals eliminating having to use a dart on the animals. In order to train these animals shaping of their behaviour was required. Shaping refers to gradually training an animal to perform a specific response.
The first example that highlights the conditioning to alter animal behaviour is with the male chimp to bring his left shoulder forward for the needle. Conditioning the monkey to bring his left shoulder forward this would be achieved through the following steps the chimp was rewarded with a reward i.e. grapes for every time he achieved the required behaviour upon the completion of the entire routine he would be rewarded with a banana, in association with this a noise was also used when the behaviour was achieved and the reward given. This is known as the bridge which can either be a sound such as a whistle or a verbal command.
The second and third example is training the Coati to demonstrate climbing and nest raiding behaviours and Meerkats to retreat from danger into their box. This conditioning was achieved through using positive reinforcement through the usage of food in association with a blow of the whistle used when the behaviour was achieved and the reward given.
2. Use one example of trained behaviour in the article to identify the following:
* Unconditioned Stimulus- the nest
* Unconditioned response- climbing and nest raiding behaviours
* Neutral stimulus- Target
* Conditioned Stimulus- Target
* Conditioned Response- climbing and nest raiding behaviours
3. Explain the concept of target training. Provide an example to explain how it is used on animals. Discuss how an animal learns to respond to a target by referring to learning theory.
Target training is a technique using a clicker or whistle or verbal command that...