Starbucks:
- transformed a pedestrian commodity into an upscale consumer accessory
- designer coffee at $3 a cup
- market is getting saturated: number of stores in US
·self cannibalizing their own stores at a rate of 30%
- choice: export its concept aggressively => global expansion
· risk: less money overseas
- nearly debt free, fuels expansion with internal cash flow
- design& open a store in 16 weeks; recouping initial investment in 3 years
- no franchises
- very low marketing cost
- no nationwide competitor
Idea inspired by a Milan coffee bar
- “ predatory real estate” strategy: paying more than market rate to keep competitors out of location
- Starbucks Express: pre-pay online/phone- no success!
- Challenge: attract the new generation
- Risk: becoming less special place for its employees. Consequence to image and sales. Lawsuit : odd hours, low pay, not paying overtime
- Business model : lots of low-wage workers; with expansion, high-service ends
- Vienna : attracts young people; traditional cafes are old, S is hip
- Japan : localize!
Cultural relativism: morality varies from culture to culture and therefore business practices are differentially defined as right or wrong by particular cultures
They used to rely on:
- Retail expansion
- Product innovation
- Service innovation
Global awareness came from necessity: saturated US market.
Uncontrollable elements:
1. Domestic:
- Political/legal forces:
- Competitive structure
- Economic climate: US growth slowed
2. International:
- Political/legal forces: France- tricky employment laws
- Competitive structure: established markets, price challenge
- Economic climate: world growth slowed (exception: China)
- Level of technology: Japan vs. India
- ...