[pic] There are four main zones in the Earth:
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Hydrosphere
[pic] The Lithosphere comprises the crust and mantle. Scientists use this Lithosphere to gain mineral and organic resources.
[pic] The Atmosphere is an envelope of gases that surrounds the Earth in white clouds surrounding the atmosphere consisting of water vapours.
[pic] The atmosphere is made up of O2, N, CO2, and a little argon, Ne, krypton, xenon and radon.
[pic] The Hydrosphere consists of the oceans, lakes, streams, glaciers, snow, ice and polar sheets and glaciers.
[pic] The Earth is a closed sphere that means that matter cant enter or leave the Earth’s spheres.
[pic] Matter classified at room temp (25C) as:
Solid
Liquid
Gas
[pic] Most of the 109 elements are solid
[pic] There are two liquids at room temperature:
Bromine (Non-metal)
Mercury (metal)
[pic] Kenetic Molecular Theory of Matter says that all matter is made up of particles that are constantly moving.
[pic] Solids and liquids are LOW energy
[pic] Gases are HIGH energy
[pic] To separate a mixture of:
Solids of different sizes- Sieving
Magnetism
Solids and liquids Filtration
Boiling
To obtain solid from a Evaporation
Dissolved solid and
Liquid
To obtain the liquid Distillation
From a dissolved solid
And liquid
Oil and water Separation funnel
Ethanol and water Fractional distillation
[pic] Chemical analysis is a process used to determine what is present in a chemical sample. This can be
Qualitative
Quantitative
[pic] Qualitative Determines what substances are present in a sample
[pic] Qualitative Determines how much of each substance is present in the sample
[pic] Gravimetric analysis is used to determine the mass of each...