The Impact of Psychological Interventions on Psychosocial Risk Factors for Stroke and Their Relationship with the Immune System
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The impact of psychological interventions on psychosocial risk factors for stroke and their relationship with the immune system
The impact of psychological interventions on psychosocial risk factors for stroke and their relationship with the immune system
Introduction
More than 2,400 years ago the father of medicine, Hippocrates, recognized and described stroke as apoplexy, which means “struck down by violence”. Stroke is a condition with high mortality rate (Townsend et al., 2012) and leading cause of long-term adult disability worldwide (Perk et al., 2012). The evidence of increasing rate of stroke in the population, including among young adults, has significant implications in health care. Some risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, might benefit from specific primary and secondary prevention measures (Renna et al., 2014). The prevalence of stroke might increase if health care professionals improve the strategies for prevention and control of risk factors. Over the past 15 years, the research community have witnessed a revolution in knowledge about the causes of stroke. Mounting evidence indicates that inflammation is central to cerebral infarction and has a crucial role in brain injury recovery. Given the high incidence and mortality of stroke, advancing the understanding of the inflammatory process within the central nervous system can aid physicians and health care system to generate novel therapeutic and clinical strategies to combat stroke consequences (Kiecolt-Glaser, McGuire, Robles, & Glaser, 2002; Lutgendorf & Costanzo, 2003; Zachariae, 2009). Psychological and behavioural strategies are diverse but most important is to understand the linkage between psychological factors and physiological responses of the immune system in order to promote better health outcomes (Kemeny, 2009; Kiecolt-Glaser et al., 2002)
The aim of the essay is to...
The impact of psychological interventions on psychosocial risk factors for stroke and their relationship with the immune system
Introduction
More than 2,400 years ago the father of medicine, Hippocrates, recognized and described stroke as apoplexy, which means “struck down by violence”. Stroke is a condition with high mortality rate (Townsend et al., 2012) and leading cause of long-term adult disability worldwide (Perk et al., 2012). The evidence of increasing rate of stroke in the population, including among young adults, has significant implications in health care. Some risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, might benefit from specific primary and secondary prevention measures (Renna et al., 2014). The prevalence of stroke might increase if health care professionals improve the strategies for prevention and control of risk factors. Over the past 15 years, the research community have witnessed a revolution in knowledge about the causes of stroke. Mounting evidence indicates that inflammation is central to cerebral infarction and has a crucial role in brain injury recovery. Given the high incidence and mortality of stroke, advancing the understanding of the inflammatory process within the central nervous system can aid physicians and health care system to generate novel therapeutic and clinical strategies to combat stroke consequences (Kiecolt-Glaser, McGuire, Robles, & Glaser, 2002; Lutgendorf & Costanzo, 2003; Zachariae, 2009). Psychological and behavioural strategies are diverse but most important is to understand the linkage between psychological factors and physiological responses of the immune system in order to promote better health outcomes (Kemeny, 2009; Kiecolt-Glaser et al., 2002)
The aim of the essay is to...