Outline for H106 “The most important factors that tend to lead to limited or total war are social background, political influence, and the motive to wage war.”
I. Introduction
A. There are many factors that tend to lead to either a limited or total war, factors which are predominately influenced by the motive for war. Clausewitz’s On War description of total war, the direct annihilation of the enemy’s forces so that we can impose our will and obtain surrender, becomes limited war due to factors such as political motives, social background, and variable goals.
B. While Clausewitz presented theory and tactics designed to utterly defeat the opposing force that are still applicable today, the social and political factors that influence us now invariably cause efforts to fall short of his goal or description of total war. This creates the appearance that most wars being waged are now limited.
C. The measure of success or victory has been changed due the ever-changing social and political environments in which we live. Surrender may continue to be the aim but surrender of what must be clarified.
II. Main Body
A. Total war, according to Clausewitz’s On War, refers to actions free from any restrictions, which accept no restraint in means or ways, to complete obliteration of the enemy. The complete mobilization of all available resources and population with total annihilation of the enemy in order to attain surrender is the dominant consideration.
B. A limited war is a conflict in which the specific aim is intended to pinpoint a particular conquest or victory.
1. Limited war seeks to resolve a conflict without endangering survival.
2. The definition of success or surrender may not be synonymous with destruction of an enemy force.
C. The more intense the motive the more likely war is absolute rather than limited in both means and ends.
III. Conclusions
A. Limited or total war is largely determined by the...