Unit 1

1. Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth – 19 years

1.1 Development starts from when we are born right through to our old age and it refers to the process of maturing and developing skills, not of physical growth.

There are five aspects of development, which are: Physical, Intellectual (cognitive), Communication, Social, emotional and behavioural, Moral

Each child is an individual and will progress at their own rate, which gives the development norms a wide range of normal.

Milestone chart

Age
Range
Physical Intellectual Communication Social, behavioural
And emotional Moral
0 –3 Bodies become stronger
Co-ordinate movements( gross and motor skills)
Age 1 , control of back and neck muscles, Support own head, Sit up
Learn to stand and walk at approx 18 month
Reach and grasp toys at 4 month (first palmer grasp then pincer grasp at about 10 month)
Toddlers use hands as manipulative skills and hand eye co-ordination develops
At 2 can scribble
At 3 can thread large beads
  Recognise parent by sight, sound and smell
Thinking skills develop to piece information together
Toddlers use simple problem solving skills e.g. cause and effect
Age 2 complete simple inset puzzles
Age 3 understand basic concepts e.g. size, colour and shape Babies – crying, learn to babble, form first words
Toddlers – under stand more than they can say
Use gestures e.g. pointing to be understood
Language skills develop
Vocabulary expands
At 3 – most have vocabulary of 200 words, use simple sentences. Babies – Totally dependent on adults.
By 3 – confident and independent
Egocentric – viewpoint centred on themselves
Sharing and co-operating has to be learnt Learn acceptable and unacceptable behaviour
Follow simple rules with guidance from adults
3 -5 Physically stronger
Language skills develop rapid
Increasingly independent and capable
More body co-ordination with gross motor skills
Learn to control...